Running Laravel 5 in a subdirectory (instead of a subdomain or top-level domain) is easy but there's one gotcha.

Step 1: Apache Config

Make sure to alias your subdirectory to the public directory of your Laravel project.

Let's say my site is going to be at http://mydomain.com/laravel-site. My Apache config would look like this:

Alias /laravel-site /path/to/laravel/public
<Directory /path/to/laravel/public>
    AllowOverride All
    Require all granted
</Directory>

Step 2: Laravel .htaccess file

This was that part I got stuck on. The / route was fine but all other routes threw an Internal Server Error (which turned out to be a redirect loop).

To fix this, add the following to your public/.htaccess file:

RewriteBase /laravel-site